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La Paz (Bolivia), This Cityis
in Western Bolivia, Located on the La Paz River. La Paz
is Bolivia's Largest City, as Well as the Country's
Administrative Capital and the Capital of La Paz
Department. The City Sits in Between the Andes Mountains
and is About 3625 m (About 11,900 ft.) Above Sea Level,
Making it the Highest Larger City in the World. La Paz
is Linked by Railroads and Highways to Cities in Peru
and Argentina and to Arica, Chile, the Nearest Port on
the Pacific Ocean. It also has an International Airport.
Although Bolivia is Rich in Silver, Copper, and Lead, La
Paz is not Heavily Industrialized Because Of Limited
Power Resources. The Principal Industries Process Food
and Manufacture Textiles, Clothing, Shoes, and Chemicals.
The City is the Principal Export Center for the Mineral
Resources of Bolivia. Although Sucre is the Official
Capital of Bolivia, La Paz has Been the Actual Center of
Government Since 1898. With the Exception of the
National Supreme Court, all Government Functions are
Centered in La Paz. It is Also the Site of the
University of San Andrés (1830), the Catholic Bolivian
University (1966), the National Museum, the Presidential
and Legislative Palaces, and a Cathedral (Completed in
1933) with a Capacity of 12,000 Persons. La Paz was
Founded by the Spanish in 1548. It Flourished Because of
its Strategic Location on the Trade Route Between the
Bolivian Silver Mines and the Ocean. From 1809 to 1824,
the City was Headquarters for the Revolutionary Movement
Against Spanish Rule. Population (Estimated in 1993) was
of 784,976. Republic of Bolivia
Bolivia, Incorporated on August 6, 1825 as a Unitary,
Free, Independent and Sovereign, is Located in Central
South America, Between Latitudes 9 Degrees 39 Minutes
and 22 Degrees 53 Minutes South Latitude, and Between
the Meridians: 57 Degrees 25 Minutes and 69 Degrees 38
Minutes West Longitude From the Meridian of Greenwich.
Bordered on the North and East with the Federative
Republic of Brazil, Southeast with the Republic of
Paraguay, to the South by Argentina, to the Southwest
with the Republic of Chile and West by the Republic of
Peru.
The Name of Boliviais in Honor of Liberator Simon
Bolivar. The Capital of the Republic was Called Sucre,
in Recognition of the Mariscal Antonio Jose de Sucre.
The History of the Territory That Today Constitutes the
Republic of Bolivia Goes Back to the Cultures That
Developed in the Plateauas Viscachanense, the
Ayampitinense, the Chiripa, the Wancarani, the Urus and
Particularly Tiwanacota Characterized as the First
Andean Empire, Whose Domain was Built the First Planned
City of the Region: Tiwanaku.
Other Ethnic Groups with DifferentCharacteristics,
AlsoOwn Part of the Historical and Cultural Background
of the Country. Among Them are in the Valleys: the
Yampara or Ampara and Mojocoyas, and in the Eastern Zone,
the Chiriguanos, Guarayo Moxeños, Chapacuras, Itonomas,
Movimas, Paraguaras, Itenez Tacanas, Mosetenes and
Sirionós.
During the Development of the Inca Empire, the Area
Corresponding to Collasuyo Renamed Bolivia, Being
Predominantly Occupied by Aymara Settlements.
The Arrival of the Spanish in 1532, Destroyed the
Organization What for Centuries Worked in the Region,
Implementing a New Institutional Political Structure,
Based on the Exploitation of Non-Renewable Natural
Resources. To Meet the Stated Objectives, the Conquerors
Organized the Territory and Founded Cities with Defined
Roles in Strategic Areas to Their Interests.
During Colonial Times, the Rush of the Exploitation of
Silver and at the Time of the Republic, Based on the
Exploitation of Tin, was Developed Predominantly Mining
Economy with Intensive Use of Scarce Labor and
Coordination with Other Sectors of the Productive
Activity.
The Role of Producing and Exporting Region of Non-Renewable
Natural Resources, Assigned from the Colonial Period,
Until the Late 1940s and Early 1950s, When Efforts to
Diversify the Productive Structure of the Country.
Currently, Bolivia is Undergoing a Process of
Redefinition of its Links with the Global Economy and
Reorganization of its Productive Structure, within a
Framework of Deepening Democratic Life and to Reorient
the Role of the State in the Economy.
Department of Chuquisaca
It was Created on January 23, 1826, During the
Government of Marshal Antonio José de Sucre, is Located
South of the Republic of Bolivia. Bordered on the North
by the Department of Cochabamba, on the South by the
Department of Tarija, on the East by the Department of
Santa Cruz and the Republic of Paraguay and to the West
by the Department of Potosí.
The History of the Department of Chuquisaca Comes Back
to Cultures That Coexisted in the Region, and From the
Remains of Ceramics and Textiles Found in Quila Quila,
Maragua, Punuilla and the Periphery of the Area Now
Occupied by the City of Sucre, Could Have an Age of
10,000 Years Before our Era. As for the Name of These
Cultures, There is no Clear Definition. In the First
Instance They were Known by the Name of Charcas, but
byFurther Investigations theyare Called Mojocoyas,
Yamparas or Sunlamps.
April 16, 1540, After Bloody Battles Fought by the
Natives Against the Spanish Conquerors, Don Pedro de
Anzures, Marquis of Camporedondo, at the Foot of the
Hillsof Churuquella he Founded Sica Sica and the Capital
of New Toledo, the Same Who Later Would Become the
Capital of the Department.
Bolivia Suffered Many Changes Among These Events is the
Creation of the Royal Audiencia of Charcas or La Plata,
in Order to Administer Justice on the Imperial Miners of
Potosi and be a Center of Resistance Against the
Portuguese Chiriguanos. It Also Produces the Foundation
of the University of San Francisco Xavier,on March 27,
1624, with the Royal and Pontifical Titles.
The Ideas of Rebellion Existed Since 1780, Along with
the Philosophical Doctrines That were Developed in the
Cloisters of the University of San Francisco Xavier,
Created the Environment for What was the First Act of
Liberty, May 25, 1809, Beginning the Process That Led to
the Independence of the South American Continent.
Another Significant Event Occurred in Chuquisaca, in
August 6, 1825. After 16 Years of Bloody Struggle,
Signing the Declaration of Independence and Creating the
Republic of Bolivar. Later, in the Assembly in August
10, 1825,Which Approved the New Name for What Would be
the Republic of Bolivia, on the Proposal of Deputy
Department of Potosi, Priest Manuel Martín Cruz, Who
Argued "If Rome was Called This Way because of Romulo,
Bolivia will be called this way because of Bolivar" .
The City, Which had Been Built on theSettlement of
Charcas, Under the Name of La Plata, and Subsequently
had Received the Name of Chuquisaca was Renamed Sucre in
Honor of Mariscal Antonio Jose de Sucre, Being Declared
the Capital of the Republic of Bolivia. Becoming in:
“City of Four Names". Its Lay Out is Based on Square
Blocks and Straight Streets Around the Square,
Characteristic of Spanish Cities in America. It is
Dominated by the Architecture of the Colonial era:
Houses with Tile Roofs, Patios and Porches with Carved
Central Sources. It was Painted with Lime, also Known as
the "White City".
The Freedom House, Built in 1621, Hosted the National
Congress Since 1825 Until 1899. It is the Hall of
Independence, Where the First Constituent Congressof the
Nation Took Place and Signed the Declaration of
Independence of the Country. Among Other Constructions
Archbishop's Palace, Built in 1609, the Metropolitan
Cathedral, Begun in 1559, Numerous Churches and Convents
and the National Library Were Built During the Colonial
Period , Which has Exclusive Documentary Resources
Published Since 1492, and More Than 100,000 Volumes; and
the National Archives has Unpublished Documents From
1546 to Date, Preserved in over 2,000 Linear Feet of
File.
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